What is an ICD?

An internal cardiac defibrillator, also known as an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), is a small device placed inside the chest to monitor and treat life-threatening heart rhythms. The ICD continuously tracks the heartbeat and delivers an electric shock when it detects dangerously fast or irregular rhythms, restoring the heart to a normal rhythm within seconds.

Why is an ICD Needed?

Some people are at risk of sudden cardiac arrest due to serious arrhythmias such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. These conditions can develop in patients with weakened heart muscle, a history of heart attack, or inherited heart rhythm disorders. For these patients, an ICD offers protection by acting immediately when a dangerous rhythm occurs, often before emergency medical help is available.

How is an ICD Implanted?

The procedure is typically performed in a hospital setting under sedation or light anesthesia. A small incision is made below the collarbone, and thin wires are guided through a vein into the heart. These wires are connected to the ICD, which is then placed under the skin or muscle of the chest. Once implanted, the device is programmed to detect and treat abnormal heart rhythms. Most patients return home within a day or two.

Living with an ICD

After implantation, patients may need some time to adjust, but most are able to return to regular daily activities. The ICD works silently in the background, providing constant protection. Routine follow-up visits are important to check the device and ensure it is working properly. Patients are encouraged to maintain heart-healthy habits, take prescribed medications, and follow their physician’s advice to reduce the risk of arrhythmias. Knowing that the ICD is always ready to act often brings peace of mind and confidence to live more fully.